cookbook 'smf', '= 2.2.3'
smf
(29) Versions
2.2.3
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A light weight resource provider (LWRP) for SMF (Service Management Facility)
cookbook 'smf', '= 2.2.3', :supermarket
knife supermarket install smf
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SMF
Description
Service Management Facility (SMF) is a tool in many Illumos and Solaris-derived operating systems
that treats services as first class objects of the system. It provides an XML syntax for
declaring how the system can interact with and control a service.
The SMF cookbook contains providers for creating or modifying a service within the SMF framework.
Requirements
Any operating system that uses SMF, ie Solaris, SmartOS, OpenIndiana etc.
The smf
provider depends on the builder
gem, which can be installed
via the smf::default
recipe.
Requires the RBAC cookbook, which can be found at https://supermarket.getchef.com/cookbooks/rbac.
Processes can be run inside a project wrapper. In this case, look to the Resource Control cookbook,
which can be found at https://supermarket.getchef.com/cookbooks/resource-control. Note that the SMF LWRP
does not create or manage the project.
Basic Usage
Note that we run the smf::default
recipe before using LWRPs from this
cookbook.
include_recipe "smf" smf "my-service" do user "non-root-user" start_command "my-service start" start_timeout 10 stop_command "pkill my-service" stop_command 5 restart_command "my-service restart" restart_timeout 60 environment "PATH" => "/home/non-root-user/bin", "RAILS_ENV" => "staging" locale "C" manifest_type "application" service_path "/var/svc/manifest" notify :restart, 'service[my-service]' end service "my-service" do action :enable end service "my-service" do action :restart end
Attributes
Ownership:
* user
- User to run service commands as
* group
- Group to run service commands as
RBAC
* authorization
— What management and value authorizations should be
created for this service. Defaults to the service name.
Dependency management:
* include_default_dependencies
- Service should depend on file system
and network services. Defaults to true
. See Dependencies
for more info.
* dependency
- an optional array of hashes signifying service and path
dependencies for this service to run. See Dependencies.
Process management:
* project
- Name of project to run commands in
* start_command
* start_timeout
* stop_command
- defaults to :kill
, which basically means it will destroy every PID generated from the start command
* stop_timeout
* restart_command
- defaults to stop_command
, then start_command
* restart_timeout
* refresh_command
- by default SMF treats this as true
. This will be called when the SMF definition changes or
when a notify :reload, 'service[thing]'
is called.
* refresh_timeout
* duration
- Can be either contract
, wait
, transient
or
child
, but defaults to contract
. See the Duration section below.
* environment
- Hash - Environment variables to set while running commands
* ignore
- Array - Faults to ignore in subprocesses. For example,
if core dumps in children are handled by a master process and you
don't want SMF thinking the service is exploding, you can ignore
["core", "signal"].
* privileges
— Array — An array of privileges to be allowed for started processes.
Defaults to ['basic', 'net_privaddr']
* property_groups
- Hash - This should be in the form {"group name" => {"type" => "application", "key" => "value", ...}}
* working_directory
- PWD that SMF should cd to in order to run commands
* locale
- Character encoding to use (default "C")
Manifest/FMRI metadata:
* service_path
- defaults to /var/svc/manifest
* manifest_type
- defaults to application
* stability
- String - defaults to "Evolving". Valid options are
"Standard", "Stable", "Evolving", "Unstable", "External" and
"Obsolete"
Deprecated:
* credentials_user
- deprecated in favor of user
Provider Actions
:install (default)
This will drop a manifest XML file into #{service_path}/#{manifest_type}/#{name}.xml
. If there is already a service
with a name that is matched by new_resource.name
then the FMRI of our manifest will be set to the FMRI of the
pre-existing service. In this case, our properties will be merged into the properties of the pre-existing service.
In this way, updates to recipes that use the SMF provider will not delete existing service properties, but will add
or overwrite them.
Because of this, the SMF provider can be used to update properties for
services that are installed via a package manager.
:delete
Remove an SMF definition. This stops the service if it is running.
:add_rbac
This uses the rbac
cookbook to define permissions that can then be applied to a user. This can be useful when local
users should manage services that are added via packages.
smf "nginx" do action :add_rbac end rbac_auth "Allow my user to manage nginx" do user "my_user" auth "nginx" end
Resource Notes
user
, working_directory
and environment
SMF does a remarkably good job running services as delegated users, and removes a lot of pain if you configure a
service correctly. There are many examples online (blogs, etc) of users wrapping their services in shell scripts with
start
, stop
, restart
arguments. In general it seems as if the intention of these scripts is to take care of the
problem of setting environment variables and shelling out as another user.
The use of init scripts to wrap executables can be unnecessary with SMF, as it provides hooks for all of these use cases.
When using user
, SMF will assume that the working_directory
is the user's home directory. This can be
easily overwritten (to /home/user/app/current
for a Rails application, for example). One thing to be careful of is
that shell profile files will not be loaded. For this reason, if environment variables (such as PATH) are different
on your system or require additional entries arbitrary key/values may be set using the environment
attribute.
All things considered, one should think carefully about the need for an init script when working with SMF. For
well-behaved applications with simple configuration, an init script is overkill. Applications with endless command-line
options or that need a real login shell (for instance ruby applications that use RVM) an init script may make life
easier.
Role Based Authorization
By default the SMF definition creates authorizations based on the
service name. The service user is then granted these authorizations. If
the service is named asplosions
, then solaris.smf.manage.asplosions
and solaris.smf.value.asplosions
will be created.
The authorization can be changed by manually setting authorization
on
the smf block:
smf 'asplosions' do user 'monkeyking' start_command 'asplode' authorization 'booms' end
This can be helpful if there are many services configured on a single
host, as multiple services can be collapsed into the same
authorizations. For instance: https://illumos.org/issues/4968
Dependencies
SMF allows services to explicitly list their dependencies on other
services. Among other things, this ensures that services are enabled in
the proper order on boot, so that a service doesn't fail to start
because another service has not yet been started.
By default, services created by the SMF LWRP depend on the following other services:
* svc:/milestone/sysconfig
* svc:/system/filesystem/local
* svc:/milestone/name-services
* svc:/milestone/network
On Solaris11, svc:/milestone/sysconfig
is replaced with
svc:/milestone/config
.
These are configured with the attribute include_default_dependencies
,
which defaults to true
.
Other dependencies can be specified with the dependencies
attribute,
which takes an array of hashes as follows:
smf 'redis' smf 'redis-6999' do start_command "..." dependencies [ {name: 'redis', fmris: ['svc:/application/management/redis'], grouping: 'require_all', restart_on: 'restart', type: 'service'} ] end
Valid options for grouping:
* require_all - All listed FMRIs must be online
* require_any - Any of the listed FMRIs must be online
* exclude_all - None of the listed FMRIs can be online
* optional_all - FMRIs are either online or unable to come online
Valid options for restart_on:
* error - Hardware fault
* restart - Restarts service if the depedency is restarted
* refresh - Restarted if the dependency is restarted or refreshed for
any reason
* none - Don't do anything
Valid options for type:
* service - expects dependency FMRIs to be other services ie: svc:/type/of/service:instance
* path - expects FMRIs to be paths, ie file://localhost/etc/redis/redis.conf
Note: the provider currently does not do any validation of these values. Also, type:path has not been extensively
tested. Use this at your own risk, or improve the provider's compatibility with type:path and submit a pull request!
Duration
There are several different ways that SMF can track your service. By default it uses contract
.
Basically, this means that it will keep track of the PIDs of all daemonized processes generated from start_command
.
If SMF sees that processes are cycling, it may try to restart the service. If things get too hectic, it
may think that your service is flailing and put it into maintenance mode. If this is normal for your service,
for instance if you have a master that occasionally reaps processes, you may want to specify additional
configuration options.
If you have a job that you want managed by SMF, but which is not daemonized, another duration option is
transient
. In this mode, SMF will not watch any processes, but will expect that the main process exits cleanly.
This can be used, for instance, for a script that must be run at boot time, or for a script that you want to delegate
to particular users with Role Based Access Control. In this case, the script can be registered with SMF to run as root,
but with the start_command delegated to your user.
A third option is wait
. This covers non-daemonized processes.
A fourth option is child
.
Ignore
Sometimes you have a case where your service behaves poorly. The Ruby server Unicorn, for example, has a master
process that likes to kill its children. This causes core dumps that SMF will interpret to be a failing service.
Instead you can ignore ["core", "signal"]
and SMF will stop caring about core dumps.
Privileges
Some system calls require privileges generally only granted to superusers or particular roles. In Solaris, an
SMF definition can also set specific privileges for contracted processes.
By default the SMF provider will grant 'basic' and 'net_privaddr' permissions, but this can be set as follows:
smf 'elasticsearch' do start_command 'elasticsearch' privileges ['basic', 'proc_lock_memory'] end
See the (privileges man page)[https://www.illumos.org/man/5/privileges] for more information.
Property Groups
Property Groups are where you can store extra information for SMF to use later. They should be used in the
following format:
smf "my-service" do start_command "do-something" property_groups({ "config" => { "type" => "application", "my-property" => "property value" } }) end
type
will default to application
, and is used in the manifest XML to declare how the property group will be
used. For this reason, type
can not be used as a property name (ie variable).
One way to use property groups is to pass variables on to commands, as follows:
rails_env = node["from-chef-environment"]["rails-env"] smf "unicorn" do start_command "bundle exec unicorn_rails -c /home/app_user/app/current/config/%{config/rails_env} -E %{config/rails_env} -D" start_timeout 300 restart_command ":kill -SIGUSR2" restart_timeout 300 working_directory "/home/app_user/app/current" property_groups({ "config" => { "rails_env" => rails_env } }) end
This is especially handy if you have a case where your commands may come from role attributes, but can
only work if they have access to variables set in an environment or computed in a recipe.
Stability
This is for reference more than anything, so that administrators of a service know what to expect of possible changes to
the service definition.
See: http://www.cuddletech.com/blog/pivot/entry.php?id=182
Working Examples
Please see the examples page for
example usages.
Cookbook upgrades, possible side effects
Changes to this cookbook may change the way that its internal checksums are generated for a service.
If you notify :restart
any service from within the smf
block or include a refresh_command
, please
be aware that upgrading this cookbook may trigger a refresh or a registered notification on the first
subsequent chef run.
Contributing
- fork
- file an issue to track updates/communication
- add tests
- rebase master into your branch
- issue a pull request
Please do not increment the cookbook version in a fork. Version updates
will be done on the master branch after any pull requests are merged.
When upstream changes are added to the master branch while you are
working on a contribution, please rebase master into your branch and
force push. A pull request should be able to be merged through a
fast-forward, without a merge commit.
Testing
bundle vagrant plugin install vagrant-smartos-zones bundle exec strainer test
Foodcritic Metric
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